EXTENDED PRODUCER RESPONSIBILITY (EPR): INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS FOR VIETNAM

Abstract

The significant increase in the production and consumption of single-use plastic packaging has led to a plastic waste crisis in Vietnam, necessitating effective waste management solutions. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the implementation of Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) for plastic packaging waste in Vietnam, utilizing the ROCCIPI analytical framework and drawing comparisons with international experiences from Germany, Japan, and South Korea. Through document analysis and in-depth interviews with over 20 experts, the study identifies substantial gaps between Vietnam and advanced countries regarding recycling rates and waste management efficiency. Major challenges include an incomplete legal framework, limited recycling infrastructure, weak corporate capacity, and low community awareness. The study proposes a multifaceted strategy, including legal reforms, technological investments, capacity building, and strengthened communication efforts. The research particularly emphasizes the importance of cross-sectoral and international cooperation in sharing experiences, resources, and technology. The findings provide scientific and practical grounds for the formulation of EPR policies in Vietnam aimed at building a circular economy and achieving sustainable development.